![]() She believes, based on the Bible, that her body is a temple and putting vaccinations into her body is wrong and disrespectful to God. Mitchell is a Christian who claims to closely adhere to the teachings of Jesus Christ. Melody Mitchell was hired by the hospital on August 25, 2014, to work as a psychiatric intake clinician. ![]() When she didn’t, her employment was terminated. She was given two weeks to receive the vaccination. On December 2, 2013, the hospital suspended Bolella without pay because she failed to receive a flu vaccination by midnight on December 1. The next day, the hospital denied her request for a religious exemption from the vaccine requirement because she submitted it after the September 1 deadline. On November 19, 2013, Bolella requested a religious exemption from the hospital’s flu vaccination requirement by completing and submitting a “Request for Religious Exemption” form. After receiving the flu vaccination in 2012, she recommitted to her faith and beliefs and refused to receive any further vaccinations or immunizations because of her sincerely held religious beliefs. In late 2012, while she was employed by the hospital, Bolella received a flu vaccination as required by the hospital because she thought she had no other option and she had to choose between her religion and her livelihood. Until late 2012, she hadn’t received an immunization or vaccination since childhood. Based on her religion, she believes the human body can naturally fight illnesses through prayer and she shouldn’t receive vaccinations or immunizations. Bolella is a practicing member of the Church of the Nazarene, a Protestant Christian church. The EEOC claimed the hospital failed to accommodate several employees who objected to the vaccine based on a variety of different religious beliefs.Ĭhristine Bolella was hired on May 21, 2012, to work as a preschool teacher at the hospital’s child development center. Once an employee requests a religious exemption, the hospital’s manager of HR processes the request and determines whether to approve or deny it. The SIP provides that a religious exemption request must be made on or before September 1 of the year the vaccination is required or it may be denied. Under the SIP, an employee may request a religious exemption to the vaccination requirement. Let’s take a closer look.Įmployees Object to Hospital’s Vaccine PolicyĪccording to the lawsuit, the hospital maintains a staff immunization policy (SIP) that requires employees to receive a flu vaccination no later than December 1 of each year. District Court in Asheville, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) alleged that a hospital failed to reasonably accommodate three employees who opposed the vaccination on religious grounds. When an employee lodges an objection based on religious beliefs, the employer must consider whether it can make an accommodation or whether the request for accommodation presents an undue hardship. Such policies will typically include a process by which an employee can object to receiving the vaccine based on religious beliefs or medical concerns, such as an allergy to the vaccine’s ingredients. Many healthcare providers in North Carolina have instituted policies requiring their employees who have patient contact to receive the flu vaccine each year. This article originally was published in the North Carolina Employment Law Letter, which is written and edited by Richard Rainey and Patricia Heyen.
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Nothing grows or lives there for your colonists to sustain themselves with and there is no coastline at sea-level to construct Trading Posts at. These islands are barren and rise out from the ocean at great height, which makes their development challenging. To the north of the region, are four unique islands. The four glacier islands to the North of the Arctic, rise out of the oceans like a bald set of giant, gnashing molars. They realize that taking a day off, or tearing down their own settlement in a fickle display of discontent, is detrimental to their desire not to freeze to death. The hardy individuals who chose to come here already work to the best of their ability, and are happy enough to just survive the biting cold. The population in this area also does not have a happiness rating, the ability to change working conditions on production buildings, or a desire to riot. ![]() Failure to provide this warmth will increase the occurrence of the virulent Arctic Flu. This is because the Arctic Population's Need for Luxury is replaced with that of a need for Heat. A Deep Gold Mine can produce Gold Ore 2.5x more efficiently than its New World counterpart.īoth residences and places of work in the Arctic need to be heated with the special Heater facility. A Prime Hunting Cabin can produce Furs 4x times more efficiently than its Old World counterpart. Gold Mines and Hunting Cabins are called " Deep Gold Mines" and " Prime Hunting Cabins" in the Arctic, and are especially productive. ![]() The region is host to several unique mechanics: They won't expand, but are willing to trade with you. The shapes and variation of the islands is always the same and a different seed number only changes the orientation of the bigger islands (except King William Island, which will always hold the same position) and the location of the smaller ones.īesides yourself and other expanding players (either AI or human), the native Inuit have settled their own predetermined location from the start. Unlike Old World and even New World, the amount of variation in layout is minor. The Islands' characteristics and arrangement depends on game settings chosen when creating the game. The main role of the Arctic is to supplement the Old World with the ability to produce electricity from gas, the technology to create Airships, and as an additional, more effective source of Gold Ore and Furs.Īs with every region, the New World consists of multiple handcrafted islands of varying sizes, fertilities and resources. Its content is unlocked by purchasing the game's " The Passage" DLC, upon which the region itself can be accessed after reaching the Engineers population tier. The Arctic is the fourth playable region of Anno 1800 and is inspired by the famous arctic expeditions of the 19th century. ![]() An example of one of the Arctic's more easily colonizable, frigid islands. ![]() Re-insert the battery and plug in the AC Adapter. Hold down the Power button for 30 seconds. ![]() Unplug the AC Adapter and then remove the battery. When the Chipset reinstallation has completed, shutdown the notebook. When complete, download and reinstall the Chipset driver on the following link. Right click the Realtek device and select Uninstall - you should also get a prompt to remove the current driver, tick the box to allow this and then proceed with the uninstall. When done, open windows Control Panel, open Device Manager and open up Sound, Video and Game Controllers. Business PCs, Workstations and Point of Sale Systemsĭownload the Realtek Audio installer on the link below and save it to your Downloads folder.Printer Wireless, Networking & Internet.DesignJet, Large Format Printers & Digital Press.Printing Errors or Lights & Stuck Print Jobs.Notebook Hardware and Upgrade Questions.If there is a pin ID in the table below that you do not see, skip it. For each pin, you will either have to click the "Override" checkbox and then change the configuration using the drop-down list, or leave the pin alone if the right configuration is already set.On the right-hand side of the hdajackretask window, click on the checkbox "Show unconnected pins".At the "Select a codec" drop-down list, choose Realtek ALC245.Run sudo apt-get install alsa-tools alsa-tools-gui.To summarize, the steps for fixing the Bang & Olufsen speakers is as follows: I've typed out these settings here in case the screenshot in their answer is no longer available. However, I had to use the exact same settings they had in their screenshot, and not only the ones they mentioned in the text of their answer. I'm running Ubuntu 20.04.4 on a HP ENVY 16-inch laptop that I purchased in August 2022. UPDATE: Before trying my solution below, see a (probably better) answer here. It doesn't appear HP is willing to do it. Hopefully someone will reverse-engineer the Windows driver for Bang & Olufsen and create one for Linux. You can read all about it in the 91 comments but I just wanted to summarize it for you. After rebooting into Linux poking in some register configuration values is required. This "tricks" the amplifier to being powered on. The most successful band-aid to date requires installing a windows update and rebooting into Linux. Like your system there are two front speakers powered from motherboard and two back speakers powered by separate amplifier. I suggest you subscribe to the bug report and keep abreast of bug fixes / work arounds. There are various band-aid approaches people have tried. There are 91 comments posted from Novemup to yesterday (August 12, 2017). HP Spectre x360 (Kabylake) just front speakers work. ![]() I did a little more digging and found this bug report: How to install Bang and Olufsen Audio drivers for HP laptop?.He did reference another question here in Ask Ubuntu: The so-called "HP Expert" there said it's like trying to put a jet engine in a car and make it fly like an AirBus A380. How to install Bang and Olufsen Audio drivers on Ubuntu 16.04.This is no longer true but left her for posterity purposes. The link is included so people are apprised of updates to this issue. There is a new answer with a comment confirming it works. ![]() The Lancers dropped a pair of games last weekend on the road at Seattle U and Utah Valley. He holds a 7-2 record during his time on the sidelines.Ĭalifornia Baptist enters the match-up 8-7 overall and 1-3 in league play. Jones was named the acting head coach on Dec. 19 who has not been with the team due to medial circumstances. Jones has been filling in for coach Billy Gillispie since Nov. Joseph Jones will be standing on the Texan sideline for his tenth-straight game. Tarleton is in the top three in six different team statistics in the conference. Gaddy was named the WAC Player of the Week last Tuesday for the last week of 2023.Īs a unit, the Texans lead the WAC in free throw percentage (74.3) and are tied for the top in turnover margin (+2.9). Gaddy ranks in the top six in five different statistical categories in the conference. KiAndre Gaddy leads the league in double-doubles (five) and offensive rebounds (61). Coming into the 2023-24 season, the Texans were a combined 0-4 in the state in the Division I era. With a win on Thursday, the Purple and White will have more wins against a D1 team in California than Texas so far this season. However, with Tarleton hosting three non-D1 opponents in Stephenville, the Texans have beaten three D1 opponents in Texas and in California. Six of the Texans ten wins have come in the state of Texas. Tarleton has found success in the state of California this season winning each of its three games in the state so far. Tarleton has the highest winning percentage this season among all 11 reclassifying teams just edging out St. The Texans have the eighth-best winning percentage of all 31 reclassifying programs since 2010. Tarleton is the sixth men's basketball program since 2010 to win at least 50 games in its first 100. Men's basketball joins baseball, softball and volleyball as the fourth program to reach the century mark in total games played. Thursday will mark the Texans' 100 th game as a Division I institution. The Texans are in their fourth year of reclassification into NCAA Division I. Tarleton knocked off the Mavericks, 78-76, on Thursday night in Wisdom Gym. ![]() Emmanuel Innocenti posted a career-high 19 points and led the Texans in scoring last week against the Mavericks in the Texans' lone game of the week. ![]() Lue Williams knocked down a triple at the top of the arc in the final twenty seconds to lift the Texans to a 78-76 victory over UT Arlington last week. Tarleton earned a stop at the buzzer in Nacogdoches on the Lumberjacks three-pointer at the buzzer to open WAC play in November. Jakorie Smith beat the buzzer in Wisdom Gym to give the come-from-behind squad a 77-75 victory over UTRGV. The Texans have had a flare for dramatics so far in league play coming out on the winning end of a trio of two-point games. Tarleton has opened WAC play 3-0 for the first time in program history. ![]() For highlights and live score updates follow on Twitter and Instagram. Live Stats will be provided by StatBroadcast and can be found on. Kyle Crews will have the radio call on 90.5 KTRL. The game will be streamed on ESPN+ with Braiden Bell and Steven Douglas on the call. RIVERSIDE, California - Tarleton State Men's Basketball hopes to extend their perfect 3-0 record in the state of California as the Texans take on California Baptist in its 100 th game as a Division I program on Thursday night at 9 pm CT. ![]() ![]() All of the kindergarten worksheets on our website can be printed out, downloaded for later use, or used directly online. We also offer summer, winter, spring, and fall printable worksheets. This includes Easter, Christmas, Thanksgiving, and Halloween. The last section is our kindergarten holiday worksheets. The general learning section provides science, Spanish, social studies, dinosaurs, health, zoo, foreign languages, butterflies, and kindergarten coloring activities. The Kindergarten English worksheets section offers reading, alphabet, writing, phonics, vocabulary, sight words, opposites, rhyming words, and spelling. The kindergarten math worksheets section includes addition, subtraction, counting, fractions, place value, graphs, measurements, pattern words, and numbers. These categories are then divided into different subjects so that parents and teachers can easily find the free printable kindergarten worksheets they are looking for. They are math, English, general learning, and holiday worksheets. Our fun kindergarten worksheets are broken down into four main areas. Kindergarten Worksheets to Print, Download, and Use Online These diverse kindergarten worksheets will create a fun learning environment that ultimately assist in cultivating valuable critical thinking, cultural, and linguistic skills. Even though our "kindergarten worksheets" are designed for kindergarten students, they are also useful for children that are in preschool or first grade. Teachers are able to implement these worksheets in a variety of early childhood lesson plans. It is also imperative that students develop critical thinking and problem solving skills during their first year in school as well as establish an appreciation of who they are in a social society. The Importance of a Good Early Childhood EducationĪccording to the Pennsylvania Department of Education, having the firm foundation of early childhood education will ensure children's success in life. Our free online kindergarten app also works on desktop and laptop computers running modern web browsers like Safari, Chrome, Firefox, and Internet Explorer 9+. Teachers and parents can then print the completed kindergarten worksheet. Kids can use their fingers to draw, write, and solve problems directly on the free kindergarten worksheets. The free kindergarten web app we have developed makes use of the iPad's multi-touch feature. Kindergartners can now complete the educational worksheets on the iPad and other forward-thinking devices. This means that our kindergarten worksheets will work almost anywhere. HTML5 does not require the Flash plug-in that most educational websites use to provide interactive content. Our entire collection of kindergarten worksheets have been made into a free web app powered by HTML5. Thank you for your time in advance! The First Kindergarten Website to Utilize Modern Web Technology Is there a kindergarten worksheet that you just love and would like to see more of? Please let us know using our contact webpage, via email, on Facebook, or through Twitter. If you have suggestions on what kind of kindergarten worksheets we should create or what categories we should expand on, we would love to hear from you. It is not a perfect science and we know we can always be doing a better job to serve you. We have conducted extensive research on the types of kindergarten worksheets teachers and parents use the most. What Free Kindergarten Worksheets Would You Like to See? In these difficult economic times, we believe kindergarten teachers and parents can benefit greatly from our printable kindergarten worksheets. The main focus of our kindergarten website is to provide free educational resources. ![]() This is why we have and will continue to create hundreds of free kindergarten worksheets that are designed to fit into a standard kindergarten curriculum. Kindergarten worksheets are a wonderful learning tool for educators and students to use. Thank you! Free Printable Worksheets for Kindergarten ![]() I did my best to include a range of prices as well, so regardless of your budget, you should find a projector that works for you. The heavy snowfall in that area, combined with low temperatures, helped me recognize the importance of having options that could stand up to their environment As a result, I added a good variety of weather-resistant options to the list, as well as a few that are less rugged, and might be better suited for warmer climates. Tangkula Christmas Projector Light, Rotating LED Projection Lamp with 60-degree Adjustable Angle Large Projection Range: The max projection area of the. I used my own experience with Christmas light projectors to put together this list, having used them to decorate several homes in upstate New York. ![]() Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. While some models are designed to withstand temperatures as low as 30 degrees below Fahrenheit, others are less robust, so make sure to check first before purchasing. Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Xhaus Christmas Projector Lights, 2-in-1 Ocean Wave LED Waterproof Light Outdoor Indoor Light for Thanksgiving Halloween Theme Holiday Party Landscape Decorations (16 Slides 10 Colors) at. Or, if you’re a bit more adventurous and want something more fun and festive, consider a projector that can also generate images like Christmas trees and Santas.ĭepending on the climate, you should also make sure your projector will be able to stand up to moisture, as well as extreme temperatures. If you’d prefer a more classic lighting scheme that looks the most like traditional Christmas lights, go with a model that uses lasers to create their lighting effect. The most important thing to consider when choosing a projector, is what you want projected. For more great ways to get cold-weather projects finished quickly, check out our picks for the best snow shovels, snow blowers, and sidewalk scrapers. Most simply plug in and are ready to go, so you can avoid those long, cold hours outside hanging physical lights. These Christmas light projectors allow you to create the festive atmosphere you’re looking for, without ever stepping foot on a ladder. It comes with a remote which you can use as a timer, or change the. Remote Controllable RGB Laser Outdoor Garden Landscape Light. Star Shower Laser Light Projector (as seen on tv) 3. 1byone Laser Light (outside Christmas Projector) 2. ![]() According to the (CPSD) Consumer Product Safety Division, there are about 200 injuries each day during the holiday season, and about half of them are decorating-related falls. This projector has me getting into the holiday spirit Very easy to use and understand. Our Top 5 Best Outdoor Laser Lights Choices 2019. Putting up Christmas lights is a great way to spread holiday cheer throughout your neighborhood, but it’s also a time-consuming and potentially dangerous project. Microsoft Solitaire Collection features several themes to make your card game match your mood. Play new solvable card challenges in all five (5) game modes with multiple levels of difficulty every day! Complete Daily Challenges and earn Solitaire badges and rewards! Miss a few, or want to go back and reply past Challenges? Sign in with a Microsoft Account to keep your awards, track your progress, and even compete with other players. The newest edition to the classic card games.Ĝhallenge yourself to reach the top of the Pyramid and clear as many Solitaire boards as you can.Ĝombine two cards that add up to 13 to remove them from the board in Pyramid Solitaire.The most relaxing, stress-free version of Solitaire.Ě FUN spin on the world’s most loved classic card game.Select cards in a sequence, earn combo points, and try to clear the board in TriPeaks Solitaire.ğreeCell Solitaire rewards players who think several moves ahead.Use the four free cell spaces to move cards around as you try to clear all cards from the table.The most strategic of all Solitaire card games.Play single suit or challenge yourself playing all four (4) suits.Ĝlear all columns with the fewest moves possible.Ğight (8) columns of cards await you in Spider Solitaire.Ĝlear all the cards from the table using one or three-card draw.Klondike Solitaire is the king of all timeless classic card games.With so many ways to play, the choice is up to you! Unlock over 75 Achievements to test your Solitaire skills and achieve a higher Gamerscore. ![]() Relax with the classics, enjoy keeping your mind sharp, or challenge yourself with features like Collections, Daily Challenges, Events and Rewards. Celebrating over 30 Years of FUN – join millions of gamers worldwide in the most played video game of ALL TIME! Discover the BEST Solitaire card games in one app Klondike Solitaire, Spider Solitaire, FreeCell Solitaire, TriPeaks Solitaire and Pyramid Solitaire! Simple rules and straightforward gameplay make Microsoft Solitaire Collection fun for players age 8 to 108. ![]() One of the most significant aspects of this period was the introduction of the Elder Futhark, the earliest form of the Germanic runes. ![]() It also eventually led to the spread of Christianity and the development of new languages and cultures. The migration period marked the end of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Middle Ages. This mass movement of people had a profound impact on the history of Europe. Beginning in the 4th century, groups of people from the Germanic tribes began to migrate westward in search of new lands. The Germanic migration period was a time of great upheaval in Europe. The various simple rune scripts used by proto Germanic tribes eventually mixed and became more codified as Germanic people began migrating to western and northern Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire. Many churches and other buildings from this period feature intricate rune carvings, which add to our understanding of this fascinating form of writing. In addition to being used for communication, runes were also used for decorative purposes. This system of writing was used throughout Scandinavia, Germany, and Iceland during the medieval period. The Elder Futhark consists of 24 runes, each with its own meaning and sound. It wasn’t until the Elder Futhark appeared that runes began to be used more widely for writing. These early inscriptions suggest that runes were primarily used for magical or religious purposes, rather than for communication. The earliest known examples come from the 1st century AD, and include the so-called Zwinger III rune stone from Sweden and the Vimose inscriptions from Denmark. Writing before the Elder Futhark was largely confined to the Latin alphabet, but there are a few notable examples of Germanic runes being used for inscriptions. The Elder Futhark is the oldest form of the Germanic runic alphabet, dating back to the 2nd or 3rd century AD. The tablets and books used by scholars at the time to translate between all 4 alphabets are why we know as much about them as we do now! The elder futhark, futhorc and younger futhark all existed at the same time until they were replaced by the latin alphabet as most of Europe became Christianized from the 10th to the 12 centuries. The elder futhark continued in use particularly in Scandinavia, but was eventually replaced by the simplified Younger Futhark, with only 16 runes instead of 24, and simpler line structure. ![]() As Saxons invaded the British Isles the Futhorc became the main written language in much of Europe. In addition, the futhorc was better suited to writing on parchment, as it made use of straight lines and easy-to-write letters. The extra letters in the futhorc were used to represent sounds that did not exist in Old English, such as th and ng. The elder futhark consists of 24 letters, while the futhorc has 26. The elder futhark developed alongside another, younger runic alphabet used by the Saxons in the 5th century, the Futhorc alphabet. Today, the elder futhark is still used by some people for a variety of purposes, including writing inscriptions, creating artwork, and casting spells. The elder futhark fell out of use around the 8th century AD, but it was later reintroduced and adapted by various groups, including the Vikings. The elder futhark was used primarily for writing inscriptions on stone and wood, but it was also sometimes used for magical or divinatory purposes. The elder futhark consists of 24 runes, which represent the sound values of the Proto-Germanic languages that were spoken at the time. The Elder Futhark is the oldest form of the European runic alphabet, dating back to the 2nd or 3rd century AD. Not a complete game though, they still have plenty more to add into it and since it's open source anyone can help.ĭownload on Steam or grab it from the official site / Flathub. Braid is the most popular commercial alternative to SuperTux. Super Tux is a classic 2D jumpn run sidescroller game in a style similar to the original Super Mario games. Braid is the most popular Windows, Mac & Linux alternative to SuperTux. You will be greeted with 'Choose a Kart' and 'Press the Select button messages. Beschreibung : Wer damals ein Fan von Mario Kart war der wird auch SuperTuxKart mögen, vor allem weil es echt gut gemacht ist, kostenlos und ne Menge Spaß bringt. Braid is a platforming game in a painterly style where you manipulate the flow of time to solve puzzles. Learn more SuperTux Christmas 2023 Newsletter It’s Christmas time Here’s a summary of the most important aspects of SuperTux development progression, during 2023 Worlds Full Icy Island remake. If you're after a classic free Mario-like, this is it. We want left screen for player 2, and right screen for player 1. Welcome SuperTux is an open-source classic 2D jump'n run sidescroller game in a style similar to the original Super Mario games. Other than that, it seems to have been received well by Steam users with it already getting a Positive rating. ![]() There's one weird issue it's come with for Manjaro users, who currently need to remove "appimagelauncher" and then it seems to work after a reboot. ![]() We stand with Ukraine to help keep people safe. Read 24 user reviews and compare with similar apps on MacUpdate. Simple, flexible Level Editor, which allows for the creation and sharing of levels of any complexity Download the latest version of SuperTux for Mac for free.And a notable release it is too: SuperTuxKart 1.0 is the first stable version of the famed open-source racing game to offer online multiplayer functionality. Yes, SuperTuxKart 1.0 is officially released. Other contrib levels, including seasonal worlds, storyless bonus islands, and downloadable Add-ons, which feature new and unique stories and levels The chequered flag falls on SuperTuxKart as it speeds into pole position.Two full worlds packed with unique and challenging levels, castles, and boss fights.Weird, quirky and some not-so-adorable enemies that might be too cute to kill.Engaging levels designed with casual gameplay, puzzling and speedrunning in mind.Lovingly hand-crafted graphics contributed by a variety of artists, alongside engaging and catchy music.Platforming gameplay similar to original Super Mario games, with some unique abilities such as backflipping and dynamic swimming. ![]() At the end of 'Icy Island', the first world in the game, the Yeti boss awaits Tux. YouTube videos require cookies, you must accept their cookies to view. SuperTux is a free and open-source two-dimensional platform video game. There are few books (if any) that I would equally recommend to law students, musicians, artists, writers, and grad students to understand an issue.” - Raizel Liebler, The Learned Fangirl They manage to meld together discussions from multiple perspectives - from cultural, technological, musical, legal, and economic perspectives - in a highly readable format. “Kembrew McLeod & PeterDiCola’s recent book, Creative License: The Law and Culture of Digital Sampling is a truly excellent overview of the complicated aspects of sampling. Essential for students of intellectual property law, aspiring recording artists or producers, and hip-hop history buffs.” - Neil Derksen, Library Journal “A methodical yet accessible exploration that addresses concerns from several perspectives and invites spirited discussion. ![]() be of interest to those wishing to hear a broad range of voices on the way the sample clearance system and intellectual property law affect the practice and work of individuals and institutions involved in digital sampling, as well as for its detailed exposition of the power struggles within this part of the modern-day music industry.” - Roddy Hawkins, Music and Letters s an argument in favor of legal reform, it’s stellar.” - Rock Star Journalist “he authors’ writing style is very easy to read, and they make copyright law seem like a legal thriller. “ refreshingly balanced and nuanced reading of how copyright law informs creative practice, and as such make a valuable contribution to this area of study.” - Kenneth Barr, Popular Music “ Creative License provides a solid explanation of music copyright process and practice and the law for anyone from the legal novice to the full-time music lawyer.” - Eric Farber, California Lawyer While the prospect of reform does appear remote at this point, Creative License will provoke informed debate on the topic and will ideally help facilitate what the authors seek: an atmosphere of interdisciplinary collaboration.” - Meghan Drury, International Journal of Communication McLeod and DiCola’s argument about the licensing system’s detriment, especially to independent hip-hop artists, is both compelling and alarming. “ Creative License is a carefully researched book that provides a comprehensible explanation of a confusing and often counterintuitive legal system, making it useful for a wide range of audiences. “ Creative License and its authors clearly show that by understanding the historical nature of this issue, the reader can be thankful for the musical journey many of the albums from hip-hop’s ‘golden age’ have given to its listeners, knowing it’s unlikely we’ll hear anything like it soon.” - Fred Shaw, Shaking Lit ![]() Interviewees include David Byrne, Cee Lo Green, George Clinton, De La Soul, DJ Premier, DJ Qbert, Eclectic Method, El-P, Girl Talk, Matmos, Mix Master Mike, Negativland, Public Enemy, RZA, Clyde Stubblefield, T.S. Observing that the same dynamics that create problems for remixers now reverberate throughout all culture industries, the authors conclude by examining ideas for reform. For instance, by estimating the present-day licensing fees for the Beastie Boys’ Paul’s Boutique (1989) and Public Enemy’s Fear of a Black Planet (1990), two albums from hip-hop’s golden age, the authors show that neither album could be released commercially today. The authors argue that the current system for licensing samples is inefficient and limits creativity. copyright law on sampling, and the labyrinthine licensing process that musicians must now navigate. It describes hip-hop during its sample-heavy golden age in the 1980s and early 1990s, the lawsuits that shaped U.S. ![]() Based on those interviews, Creative License puts digital sampling into historical, cultural, and legal context. Exploring the complexities and contradictions in how samples are licensed, Kembrew McLeod and Peter DiCola interviewed more than 100 musicians, managers, lawyers, industry professionals, journalists, and scholars. How did the Depression-era folk-song collector Alan Lomax end up with a songwriting credit on Jay-Z’s song “Takeover”? Why doesn’t Clyde Stubblefield, the primary drummer on James Brown recordings from the late 1960s such as “Funky Drummer” and “Cold Sweat,” get paid for other musicians’ frequent use of the beats he performed on those songs? The music industry’s approach to digital sampling-the act of incorporating snippets of existing recordings into new ones-holds the answers. Labor and Working-Class History Association.Association for Middle East Women's Studies.Author Resources from University Presses.Permissions Information for Journal Authors.Journals fulfilled by DUP Journal Services. |
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